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Population:
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1,147,995,904 (July 2008 est.)
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 31.5% (male 189,238,487/female 172,168,306)
15-64 years: 63.3% (male 374,157,581/female 352,868,003)
65 years and over: 5.2% (male 28,285,796/female 31,277,725) (2008 est.)
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Median age:
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total: 25.1 years
male: 24.7 years
female: 25.5 years (2008 est.)
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Population growth rate:
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1.578% (2008 est.)
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Birth rate:
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22.22 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
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Death rate:
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6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
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Net migration rate:
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-0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2008 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 32.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 36.94 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 27.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 69.25 years
male: 66.87 years
female: 71.9 years (2008 est.)
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Total fertility rate:
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2.76 children born/woman (2008 est.)
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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0.9% (2001 est.)
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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5.1 million (2001 est.)
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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310,000 (2001 est.)
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Major infectious diseases:
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degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2008)
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Nationality:
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noun: Indian(s)
adjective: Indian
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Ethnic groups:
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Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
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Religions:
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Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)
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Languages:
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Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9%
note: English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 census)
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 61%
male: 73.4%
female: 47.8% (2001 census)
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School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
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total: 10 years
male: 11 years
female: 9 years (2005)
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Education expenditures:
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3.2% of GDP (2005)
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